CEAZA
Combining information from benthic community analysis and social studies to establish no-take zones within a multiple uses marine protected area
Rojas-Nazar, Ú., Gaymer, C., Squeo, F., Garay-Flühmann, R., & López, D.
A decision support tool was used to determine priority sites for marine conservation within the Isla Grande de Atacama multiple uses marine protected area (MUMPA) in northern Chile, based on both biological and social information. Scuba diving, and an unweighted paired-group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA) analyses were used to determine the main benthic communities found in the shallow rocky and soft-sediment subtidal.
Año: 2012
Palabras claves: Chile;coastal marine conservation;conservation costs;multiple uses marine protected area;benthic ecology;social ecology
Referencia APA: Rojas-Nazar, Ú., Gaymer, C., Squeo, F., Garay-Flühmann, R., & López, D. (2012). Combining information from benthic community analysis and social studies to establish no-take zones within a multiple uses marine protected area. Aquatic Conserv: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. 22(1), 74-86.
Isolation of microsatellite markers for two Chilean freshwater anomuran species (Aegla araucaniensis and Aegla pewenchae) using PCR-based methods.
Gouin, N., Bórquez, J., Samollow, P., Douglas, K., Jasti, M., & Bertin, A.
We developed ten polymorphic microsatellite markers for two species of freshwater anomura endemic to Chile, Aegla araucaniensis and Aegla pewenchae, using two PCR-based methods, PIMA and ISSR-PCR. Nine markers per species gave useful PCR products, revealing moderate to high levels of genetic variation. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 13 and the observed heterozygosity from 0.103 to 0.929. All the markers appeared to segregate independently. No departure from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was found in A. araucaniensis while three markers showed evidence for deficits of heterozygotes and presence of null alleles in A. pewenchae. These markers will be useful for population genetics analyses.
Año: 2012
Palabras claves: Aeglidae, Crustacean, Microsatellite, PIMA, ISSR-PCR, Population genetics.
Referencia APA: Gouin, N., Bórquez, J., Samollow, P., Douglas, K., Jasti, M., & Bertin, A. (2012). Isolation of microsatellite markers for two Chilean freshwater anomuran species (Aegla araucaniensis and Aegla pewenchae) using PCR-based methods. Conservation Genet Resour, 4(1), 93-96.
Male morphotypes in the Andean river shrimp Cryphiops caementarius (Decapoda: Caridea): morphology, coloration and injuries.
Rojas, R., Morales, M., Rivadeneira, M., & Thiel, M.
In many species, different male morphotypes usually employ different tactics to access resources. Males with highly developed weapons are expected to fight and possibly incur higher levels of injury than males with less developed weapons, which usually avoid agonistic encounters. Discrete male morphotypes, where some males are very large and feature powerful chelae, have been reported for several large shrimp species, where males show a lobster-like monopolization of resources. During competitive interactions, these large males fight more vigorously than small males and, consequently, it is expected that they accumulate more injuries. Herein, we identified different morphotypes in the river shrimp Cryphiops caementarius, and we compared the percentage of body damage between large and small shrimps. We measured 26 morphometric data and 6 intensities of color on the chelipeds. Multivariate analysis based on a combination of morphometric and color data confirmed that there are two morphotypes. The ‘dominant’ morph is characterized by stout teeth on the cutting edges and by dark blue color on the external surface of the major cheliped. The two morphotypes can be distinguished based on the differences in the allometric relationships between several morphologic traits and carapace length. Males from the large morphotype had a higher percentage of injuries on their chelipeds than other males. These results suggest that males from the large morphotype are dominant and compete aggressively for access to resources, a hypothesis to be tested in future, behavioral studies.
Año: 2012
Palabras claves: alternative reproductive tactics; male morphotypes; injury; weapon; large chela; shrimp
Referencia APA: Rojas, R., Morales, M., Rivadeneira, M., & Thiel, M. (2012). Male morphotypes in the Andean river shrimp Cryphiops caementarius (Decapoda: Caridea): morphology, coloration and injuries. J Zool, 288(1), 21-32.
Comparación del crecimiento de Argopecten purpuratus entre cohortes obtenidas de captacion de larvas en ambiente natural y de hatchery.
Perez, E., Azocar, C., Araya, A., Astudillo, O., & Ramos, M.
En Chile los cultivos del ostión del norte Argopecten purpuratus han sido desarrollados intensivamente a partir de la captación de semillas en ambiente natural y desde principios de 1980 con semillas obtenidas en hatchery. Para aportar información sobre el desempeño de semillas de ostión del norte en este estudio se comparó, mediante ANCOVA, el crecimiento en longitud entre cohortes producidas a partir de semillas de ambiente natural y de hatchery en Tongoy, Chile. Se evaluó la consistencia de esta comparación en distintos años y estaciones, comparándose parejas de cohortes producidas simultáneamente en los años 2003 (primavera), 2005 (invierno) y 2006 (verano). El análisis estadístico mostró que existen diferencias estadísticas significativas entre cohortes obtenidas en ambiente natural y aquellas obtenidas en hatchery. La prueba de Tukey evidenció diferencias significativas entre CN2003 y CH2003 como también entre CN2005 y CH2005, pero no así entre CN2006 y CH2006. Estas diferencias indican que las cohortes de semillas de ambiente natural crecieron más rápido que las de hatchery. La comparación interanual evidenció diferencias estadísticas significativas. Estos resultados son discutidos a la luz de dos factores: la temperatura de cultivo y la heterocigocidad de la población de cultivo.
Año: 2012
Palabras claves: ostión, semillas, ambiente natural, hatchery, crecimiento, norte de Chile.
Referencia APA: Perez, E., Azocar, C., Araya, A., Astudillo, O., & Ramos, M. (2012). Comparación del crecimiento de Argopecten purpuratus entre cohortes obtenidas de captacion de larvas en ambiente natural y de hatchery. Latin American Journal Of Aquatic Research, 40(4), 1026-1038.
What do we know about high-altitude precipitation in the semi-arid Andes of Chile?
Bourgin P, Andreassian V, Gascoin S, Valery A.
Mapping precipitations on a regular grid is often required for hydrological and ecological modelling. The spatial interpolation methods are generally used to estimate such a distribution from ground-based measurements. In the case of mountainous areas, the estimation of precipitation amounts is still a challenging task and the results of spatial interpolation should be verified as much as possible. Here we describe a three-steps method for the validation of a precipitation map. This is used in the context of a mountainous semi-arid region, the Norte Chico in Chile (26°S-32°S). The implementation of this validation method showed the benefits of an interpolation method developed by Valéry [2010] for mountainous areas. The hydrological balance of the high-altitude watersheds is now more realistic.
Año: 2012
Palabras claves: Precipitation, spatial interpolation method, extrapolation, altitude, altitudinal corrections, validation, water equivalent, water balance.
Referencia APA: Bourgin P, Andreassian V, Gascoin S, Valery A. (2012). Que sait-on des précipitations en altitude dans les Andes semi-arides du Chili?. La Houille Blanche. 2012;(2):12-17.